More suitable for smaller cartilage lesions. The joint is visualized with a scope through tiny incisions around the joint. The cartilage problem is localized, and displaced cartilage fragments are removed. After achieving stable cartilage edges, different cartilage restoration techniques may be utilized like microdrilling.

Ideal for large cartilage defects and revision cases. This is a two-stage procedure. In first stage a cartilage biopsy is taken from the patients joint and this tissue is sent to a specialized laboratory. Chondrocytes are duplicated in the lab on a special tissue patch. The patch with cartilage cells is sent to our clinic 6 weeks after the biopsy when the second stage procedure is scheduled. In second stage procedure the joint is opened, and the cartilage defect is filled with the same size bio-patch. Chondrocytes in the patch produces cartilage tissue and fills the cartilage defect over time.

Appropriate for medium sized defects especially accompanying subchondral bone problems like subchondral cysts. This is a single stage procedure. A dowel like osteochondral tissue is taken from a non-weight bearing and non-articulating area of the patient’s knee. This cartilage tissue with the bone under it is brought to the cartilage defect. The defect is drilled with the same size of the dowel like osteochondral graft. The graft is placed into the defect

This procedure can solve most extensive cartilage problems in a single stage. During arthroplasty procedure of a live donor, a large and healthy cartilage allograft tissue is taken from the unaffected part of the joint. Also, these tissues can be ordered from tissue banks that has been achieved from fresh cadavers. The joint of the recipient patient is opened and the cartilage defect is filled with allogenic osteochondral tissue.